Origem da balança
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Química Nova - The evolution of the analytical balance1 de 14
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Química Nova
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Quím. Nova vol.27 no.6 São Paulo Nov./Dec. 2004 pdf in Portuguese http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422004000600030 ReadCube
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A evolução da balança analítica
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The evolution of the analytical balance
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Júlio Carlos Afonso ; Raquel Medeiros da Silva
Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CP 68563, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
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ABSTRACT
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This work intends to describe the historical evolution of the balance based on its technical improvement. This instrument has always been used for commercial and industrial purposes, but its value in research and chemistry was only recognized much later. The classical balance was the two-pan model for about 40 centuries, but when its importance in chemistry was established, particularly beginning at the end of the
XVIIIth century, many improvements were made in order to increase sensitivity and shorten the weighing procedure. The balance design greatly changed along the XXth century: the classical two-pan models were replaced by one-pan balances that were replaced by electronic instruments.
Keywords: balance; evolution; mass determination.
INTRODUÇÃO
Quando se fala em balança, dois termos vêm à mente: massa e peso. Eles são geralmente usados como sinônimos devido ao senso comum. Todavia, o rigor exige a diferenciação entre ambos. A massa de um objeto pode ser determinada pela medida de sua inércia. Inércia é a resistência de um objeto a um esforço realizado para