Extração de ferro
IRON EXTRACTION FROM BRAZILIAN SMECTITE BY DITHIONITE-CITRATE-BICARBONATE METHOD. A natural clay from Campina Grande region (Paraíba, Brazil), with 8.57% of Fe 2O 3, was used to study the most appropriate condition to carry out the iron extraction, without altering the clay structure in a significant way. Samples were treated with the Dithionite-CitrateBicarbonate method (DCB) for 30 and 120 minutes (pH=9.1), and also with citric acid (pH=1.8; time=15min), at 75°C. Conductivity measurements, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, energydispersive spectrometry, electron-diffraction with transmission electron microscopy and textural evaluation by nitrogen adsorption were done. The treatment in a basic medium was more selective for iron removal than in acid condition. The time of 30 minutes, with 1.6 g Na 2S 2 O 4 /10 g clay, was the best condition for the iron extraction. Keywords: brazilian clay; smectite; iron extraction.
INTRODUÇÃO A busca de condições operacionais para extração de óxidos de ferro presentes em amostras de solo ou de argila natural, sem alterar de forma significativa a estrutura dos argilominerais, tem sido investigado por alguns pesquisadores1-7. Esse interesse é devido à necessidade de maior confiabilidade nas análises de solos1-4 e à necessidade de purificação de argila natural para fins catalíticos5-7. Argilas naturais podem conter como impurezas diversos tipos de óxidos de ferro cristalinos ou amorfos, tais como: hematita (α-Fe2O3), goetita (α-FeOOH) e lepidocrocita (γFeOOH), além de outras formas combinadas, como a magnetita (FeO.Fe2O3) e a