Bioacumulção de mercúrio
BIOCONCENTRATION AND BIOMAGNIFICATION OF METHYLMERCURY IN GUANABARA BAY, RIO DE JANEIRO. Methylmercury was determined in water and aquatic biota from Guanabara Bay. Trophic transfer of methylmercury was observed between trophic levels from prey (microplankton, mesoplankton and fish with different feeding habits) to top predator (pelagic demersal fish). Top predator fish presented the highest methylmercury concentrations (320.3 ± 150.7 µg kg-1 dry wt.), whereas microplankton presented the lowest (8.9 ± 3.3 µg kg-1 dry wt.). The successive amplification of methylmercury concentrations and its bioconcentration factor with increasing trophic levels from base to top indicate that biomagnification may be occurring along the food web. Results suggest the importance of feeding habits and trophic level in the bioaccumulation of methylmercury by aquatic biota. Keywords: biotransference of methylmercury; water and organisms; trophic levels.
INTRODUÇÃO Existe uma grande preocupação com relação ao aumento da poluição ambiental resultante do incremento do emprego intensivo e extensivo de produtos químicos, da liberação de substâncias potencialmente tóxicas, dos lançamentos de efluentes industriais e urbanos, bem como de seus efeitos para os ecossistemas e, consequentemente, para o homem.1 Com o