4 Artigo Malaquias

REVISÃO REVIEW

Anemia e obesidade: um paradoxo da transição nutricional brasileira
Anemia and obesity: a paradox of the nutritional transition in Brazil

Malaquias Batista Filho 1
Ariani Impieri de Souza 1
Teresa Cristina Miglioli 2
Marcela Carvalho dos Santos 3

Instituto Materno Infantil
Professor Fernando Figueira,
Recife, Brasil.
2 Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu
Magalhães, Fundação
Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brasil.
3 Departamento de Nutrição,
Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil.
1

Correspondência
M. Batista Filho
Instituto Materno Infantil
Professor Fernando Figueira.
Rua dos Coelhos 300,
Recife, PE
50070-550, Brasil. [e-mail] Abstract

Introdução

The aim of this study was to analyze the growing prevalence of anemia and overweight/obesity as contrasting trends in Brazil’s nutritional transition. Twenty-eight studies published on anemia in children and childbearing-age women were selected, based on statistical representativeness, standardization of laboratory methods, and
World Health Organization criteria. Overweight/ obesity in adults was assessed by body mass index: 25 to 29.9kg/m 2 (overweight) and ≥ 30kg/ m 2 (obesity). Three surveys were compared for analysis of tendencies: 1974/1975 (36.4%), 1989
(53.5%), and 2002/2003 (51.9%) for overweight/ obesity prevalence. In the most representative study on anemia among children (< 11g/dL), the prevalence increased from 22.0% (1974) to 46.9%
(1995/1996). For pregnant woman (< 11g/dL), results ranged from 14.7 to 40.4%. Prevalence of anemia among children and overweight/obesity among adults showed similar tendencies over time. Recent evidence of reduction in anemia can be attributed to flour supplementation with iron and folic acid. Anemia and overweight/obesity are associated with significant changes in food intake as a substratum of the nutritional transition. Em virtude dos paradigmas habitualmente referenciados, como o enfoque isolado das doenças em sua etiopatogenia, estabeleceu-se a