Situando o desenvolvimento rural no brasil: o contexto e as questões em debate
nh a Situando o desenvolvimento rural no Brasil: o contexto e as questões em debate
Sergio Schneider*
Addressing rural development discussions in Brazil: context and issues of debate.
The work analyzes the main theoretical trends and subjects that integrate the recent
Brazilian debate about rural development. We agued that the agenda of the rural development in Brazil, on which actively participate scholars, organizations and institutions, have been formulated by the State and the public politics implemented since the beginning of the 1990. Among the factors that had influenced the emergen‑ cy of the debate about rural development is distinguished the increasing social and political legitimating of family farming and the agrarian reform, the reorientation of the state policies, the increasing sharply political and ideological quarrels with the agribusiness wing and the matters about sustainability. It is also argued that the analytical and interpretative references that have being used by the scholars are still diffuse and varied, but has been capable to influence the policy makers.
Keywords: rural development; State; policies; family farming; social theory.
JEL: Q18; Z1; Q38; B25.
Introdução
Neste trabalho pretende‑se fazer uma reflexão sobre as principais tendências e temas que estão animando o debate brasileiro recente sobre o tema desenvolvi‑ mento rural. A ideia, fundamentalmente, consiste em descrever e caracterizar o contexto histórico em que o debate corrente sobre o desenvolvimento rural emergiu no Brasil, indicando‑se alguns elementos das mudanças políticas, sociais e econô‑ micas que estão na sua raiz. Além disso, buscar‑se‑á situar as principais perspecti‑
* Professor da UFRGS, Departamento de Sociologia e membro permanente dos Programas de Pós‑Gra‑ duação em Sociologia e Desenvolvimento Rural. Bolsista PQ‑CNPq.