Nduction of somatic embryogenesis as an example of stress-related plant reactions

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 0717-3458 © 2010 by Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso -- Chile DOI: 10.2225/vol13-issue1-fulltext-4

Vol.13 No.1, Issue of January 15, 2010 Received December 22, 2008 / Accepted July 12, 2009

REVIEW ARTICLE

Induction of somatic embryogenesis as an example of stress-related plant reactions
Maria Amely Zavattieri*
Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Évora Évora, Portugal E-mail: [e-mail]

António Miguel Frederico
EU Marie Curie Chair Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Évora Évora, Portugal

Mónica Lima
Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Évora Évora, Portugal

Rui Sabino
Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Évora Évora, Portugal

Birgit Arnholdt-Schmitt
EU Marie Curie Chair Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Évora Évora, Portugal Website: http://www.icam.uevora.pt Financial support: Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (ICAAM), University of Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal. Keywords: cell reprogramming, reactive oxygen species, somatic embryogenesis, stress. Abbreviations: 2,4-D: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ABA: abscisic acid ABI3: ABI gene family member 3 ANP1: Arabidopsis NPK1-like protein kinase AP: ascorbate peroxidase AOX: alternative oxidase DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid Fe-EDTA: ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid M: molar concentration MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase NO: Nitric oxide PGRs: plant growth regulators ROS: reactive oxygen species SE: somatic embryogenesis SOD: superoxide dismutase

In this review, we address the role of stress as one of the principal causes for a cell or tissue to change its preexisting