Fichamento cap. 6 sociolinguistica

“The purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, I will discuss ways in which the study of rules of speaking can provide information about the interaction process and the situations in which interlocutors negotiate their relationships with one another. Second, I will put forth a theory of my own concerning the way interaction is patterned within the general middle-class American speech community.” (p. 125)
“As Schneider (1968: vi) points out in the preface to his book on American kinship, the insights one has into one’s native language and into the behavior within one’s own speech community permits a level of analysis which is far deeper than that which can be reached in other field sites:
There is another reason why the study of kinship in America is especially important to Americans and that is that Americans, this is a society and a culture which we know well. We speak the language fluently, we know the customs and we have observed the natives in their daily lives. Indeed, we are the natives […].” (p.125)
“The issue of evaluation by other researchers, who are themselves members of the speech community under analysis, is of great importance here.” (p. 125)
“As mentioned earlier, in my opinion, the most useful definition of speech community is that given by Hymes (1972b):”Tentatively, a speech community is defined as a community sharing rules for the conduct and interpretation of speech, and rules for the interpretation of at least one linguistic variety. Both conditions are necessary.” (p. 126)
“A major point to be remembered is that not all speakers of a language do share the same rules of speaking, and therefore, not all may be said to belong to the same speech community.” (p. 126)
“For this reason, as was pointed out early, it is unrealistic to speak of investigating the rules of speaking for English, or indeed, most other languages. Depending on the group studied, the rules are likely to vary.” (p. 126)
“It may reasonably be expected that rules of