Físico-Química 1 - Solulções

❙❖▲❯➬Õ❊❙
❊❞✇❛r❞ ❈és♣❡❞❡s ❈❛r❛❣❡♦r❣❡
✶✳ ❈♦♥s✐❞❡r❡ ❞✉❛s s♦❧✉çõ❡s ❆ ❞❡ ♠❛ss❛ ✷✵✵ ❣ ❡ ❇ ❞❡ ♠❛ss❛
✸✵✵ ❣✳ ❆ s♦❧✉çã♦ ❆ ❝♦♥té♠ ✶✷ ✪♠ ❞❡ ◆❛❈❧ ❡ ❇✱ ✶✽
✪♠ ❞♦ ♠❡s♠♦ s❛❧✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❡ ❛ ♣♦r❝❡♥t❛❣❡♠ ❡♠ ♠❛ss❛
❞♦ s♦❧✉t♦ ♥❛ ♠✐st✉r❛ ❞❡ss❛s ❞✉❛s s♦❧✉çõ❡s

✶✶✳ ❖ ❝♦♥t❡ú❞♦ ❞❡ ❜r♦♠♦ ♥♦ ♦❝❡❛♥♦ é ❞❡ ✻✺ ♣♣♠✱ ❡♠
♠é❞✐❛✳ ❆ss✉♠✐♥❞♦ q✉❡ ✶✵✵✪ ♣♦ss❛ s❡r r❡❝✉♣❡r❛❞♦✱ q✉❛♥t♦s ♠❡tr♦s ❝ú❜✐❝♦s ❞❡ á❣✉❛ ❞♦ ♦❝❡❛♥♦ ❞❡✈❡♠ s❡r
♣r♦❝❡ss❛❞♦s ♣❛r❛ ♣r♦❞✉③✐r ✵✱✻✶ ❦❣ ❞❡ ❜r♦♠♦❄ ❈♦♥s✐✲
❞❡r❡ q✉❡ ❛ ❞❡♥s✐❞❛❞❡ ❞❛ á❣✉❛ ❞♦ ♠❛r s❡❥❛ ✶✱✵ g.cm−3 ✳

✷✳ ❯♠❛ ❡♠❜❛❧❛❣❡♠ ❞❡ H2 SO4 ❝♦♥❝❡♥tr❛❞♦ ❝♦♠❡r❝✐❛❧ ❞✐③
❡♠ s❡✉ rót✉❧♦✿ ✾✻ ✪♠ ❡ ✶✱✽✹ g.cm−3 ✳

✶✷✳ ✭■▼❊✮ ❯♠❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✻✱✺ mol.l−1 ❞❡ ❡t❛♥♦❧ ❡♠ á❣✉❛ t❡♠
♠❛ss❛ ❡s♣❡❝í✜❝❛ ✵✱✾✺ g.cm−3 ✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❡ ❛ ♠♦❧❛❧✐❞❛❞❡ ❡
❛ ❢r❛çã♦ ♠♦❧❛r ❞❡ ❡t❛♥♦❧ ❞❡ss❛ s♦❧✉çã♦✳

✭❛✮ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❛ ♠❛ss❛ ❞❡ á❣✉❛ ❡♠ ✶❧ ❞❡ss❛ s♦❧✉çã♦✳
✭❜✮ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❛ ♠♦❧❛r✐❞❛❞❡ ❞❡ss❛ s♦❧✉çã♦✳
✸✳ ❚❡♠✲s❡ ✹✵✵ ♠❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✵✱✹ mol.l−1 ❞❡ ◆❛❖❍✳ ❆ ❡st❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ sã♦ ❛❞✐❝✐♦♥❛❞♦s ✹ ❣ ❞❡ N aOH(s) ✱ q✉❡ s❡ ❞✐ss♦❧✲
✈❡♠ s❡♠ ❛❧t❡r❛çã♦ ❞♦ ✈♦❧✉♠❡✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❛ ♠♦❧❛r✐❞❛❞❡
❞❛ ♥♦✈❛ s♦❧✉çã♦✳

✶✸✳ ✭■❚❆✮ ❯♠ ❧✐tr♦ ❞❡ ✉♠❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ❛q✉♦s❛ ❝♦♥té♠ ✵✱✸✵
♠♦❧s ❞❡ í♦♥s N a+ ✱ ✵✱✷✽ ♠♦❧s ❞❡ í♦♥s Cl✕ ✱ ✵✱✶✵ ♠♦❧s ❞❡ í♦♥s SO42✕ ❡ ① ♠♦❧s ❞❡ í♦♥s F e3+ ✳ ❆ ❝♦♥❝❡♥tr❛çã♦ ❞❡ í♦♥s F e3+ ✭❡♠ ♠♦❧✴❧✮ ♣r❡s❡♥t❡s ♥❡st❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ é✿

✹✳ ❈♦♥s✐❞❡r❡ ✉♠❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ❛q✉♦s❛ ❞❡ ❡t❛♥♦❧ ✹✻ ✪♠✳ ❈❛❧✲
❝✉❧❛r ❛s ❢r❛çõ❡s ♠♦❧❛r❡s ❞♦ ❡t❛♥♦❧ ❡ ❞❛ á❣✉❛✳

✶✹✳ ▼✐st✉r❛♠✲s❡ ✷✵✵ ♠❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✶ ▼ ❞❡ ◆❛❖❍ ❝♦♠ ✻✵✵
♠❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✵✱✻✼ ▼ ❞❛ ♠❡s♠❛ ❜❛s❡✳ ◗✉❛❧ ❛ ♠♦❧❛r✐✲
❞❛❞❡ ❞❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ♦❜t✐❞❛❄

✺✳ ❆ ❢r❛çã♦ ♠♦❧❛r ❞❡ ❣❧✐❝♦s❡ ♥✉♠❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ❛q✉♦s❛ é ✵✱✵✷✳
❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❛ ♣♦r❝❡♥t❛❣❡♠ ❡♠ ♠❛ss❛ ❞❡ ❣❧✐❝♦s❡

✶✺✳ ◗✉❡ ✈♦❧✉♠❡ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✻ mol.l−1 ❞❡ ❍❈❧ ❞❡✈❡ s❡r ♠✐s✲ t✉r❛❞♦ ❝♦♠ ✶ ❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✶ mol.l−1 ❞❡ ❍❈❧ ♣❛r❛ q✉❡
❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ♦❜t✐❞❛ s❡❥❛ ✷ mol.l−1 ❄

M M (glicose) = 180g.mol−1

✻✳ ❚❡♠✲s❡ ✉♠❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✵✱✶ ♠♦❧❛❧ ❞❡ ❣❧✐❝♦s❡✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r✿
✭❛✮ ❆ ❢r❛çã♦ ♠♦❧❛r ❞❛ ❣❧✐❝♦s❡ ❡♠ á❣✉❛✳
✭❜✮ ❆ ♣♦r❝❡♥t❛❣❡♠ ❡♠ ♠❛ss❛ ❞❛ ❣❧✐❝♦s❡✳

✶✻✳ ▼✐st✉r❛♠✲s❡ ✸✺✼ ♠❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✵✱✻✺ mol.l−1 ❝♦♠ ✸✺✼
♠❧ ❞❡ s♦❧✉çã♦ ✵✱✼✺ mol.l−1 ✱ ❛♠❜❛s ❞❡ s❛❝❛r♦s❡✳ ◗✉❛❧
❛ ♠♦❧❛r✐❞❛❞❡ ❞❛ s♦❧✉çã♦ ♦❜t✐❞❛❄

✼✳ ❯♠❛