Artigo materiais avançados

WEAR
ELSEVIER
Wear 190 (1995) 155-161

Advances in tribology: the materials point of view
H. Czichos, D. Klaffke, E. Santner, M. Woydt
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany

Received 9 January 1995; accepted 25 April 1995

Abstract The application of advanced materials in various areas of contemporary technology can lead to improvements in the function, quality and performance of engineering components and systems. In this paper, an overview of the developments in high performance materials, both organic and inorganic based, is given. This includes thin hard coatings because of their increasing importance in tribological improvements. For these types of materials the requirements for tribo-engineering applications are analysed. Research results from BAM concerning ceramics and ceramic composites, polymers and polymer composites as well as hard coatings illustrate the friction and wear behaviour of these materials and their potential for tribo-engineering applications.
Keywords;

Tribology; Advanced Materials; Ceramics; Polymers; Coatings

1. Introduction
The key role of materials ments in future technological develop-

has been recognized in all industrialized countries in recent years. The driving forces behind the development of “advanced materials” are various technological, social, and environmental requirements [ 11, for example: improved performance, integrity and reliability of engineering systems; higher durability of products; higher efficiency, lower-energy consuming engines; lightweight, high-strength structures; miniaturization of components; increased productivity. Further improvement in conventional materials and the development of “new” materials may also lead to improvements in triboengineering applications. However, it must be kept in mind, that in triboengineering applications materialsrelated influences must be seen in a broader context because these materials are components of “tribological