Destilação

Section 13

Distillation

J. D. Seader, Ph.D., Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Fellow, American Institute of Chemical Engineers; Member, American Chemical Society; Member, American Society for Engineering Education. (Section Editor*) Jeffrey J. Siirola, Ph.D., Research Fellow, Eastman Chemical Company; Member, National Academy of Engineering; Fellow, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, American Chemical Society, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, American Society for Engineering Education. (Enhanced Distillation) Scott D. Barnicki, Ph.D., Senior Research Chemical Engineer, Eastman Chemical Company. (Enhanced Distillation)

CONTINUOUS-DISTILLATION OPERATIONS General Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equilibrium-Stage Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Complex Distillation Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Related Separation Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthesis of Multicomponent Separation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THERMODYNAMIC DATA Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phase Equilibrium Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Graphical K-Value Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analytical K-Value Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DEGREES OF FREEDOM AND DESIGN VARIABLES Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Units and