arevisão de artigo nutrição

Artigo de Revisão/Review Article

http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/nutrire.2014.010

Efeito dos ácidos graxos na Síndrome Metabólica: uma revisão de literatura*
Effects of fatty acids on the Metabolic Syndrome: a literature review
ABSTRACT

LEITE, B. F.; JAMAR, G.; CARANTI, D. A. Effects of fatty acids on the
Metabolic Syndrome: a literature review. Nutrire: rev. Soc. Bras. Alim.
Nutr. = J. Brazilian Soc. Food Nutr., São Paulo, SP, v. 39, n. 1, p. 113-129, abr. 2014.
Changes in the diet pattern have been considered a major cause of overweight rate increase and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in the world. A diet with high energy density can contribute to fat accumulation in metabolic active tissues and increase of proinflammatory adipokines, favoring the inflammatory condition of this syndrome. However, not all types of high fat diet are malefic to the body. The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review on the effect of fatty acids on the Metabolic
Syndrome and on the important relationship between diet, obesity, MS and cardiovascular disease. It was possible to observe that a diet rich in saturated fat is associated with overweight, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and increased levels of cholesterol, leptin, insulin and glucose. It was also possible to observe that increased levels of saturated fatty acids and decreased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with metabolic syndrome. Supplementation with ω-3 was effective in reducing the effects of saturated fatty acids, such as the serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, decreasing blood pressure, and increasing the serum levels of HDL-c. After further studies confirm the safety of use and the ideal dose of ω-3 to prevent and treat MS, the supplementation should be associated with a diet that is balanced, low in saturated fat and rich in vitamins, as well as with a change in lifestyle.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity. Food intake. Saturated fatty